Receptor activity-modifying protein
Receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) are a class of protein which interact with and modulate the activities of several Class B G Protein-Coupled Receptors including the receptors for secretin, calcitonin (CT), glucagon, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).[1] There are three distinct types of RAMPs, designated RAMP1, RAMP2, and RAMP3, each encoded by a separate gene.[2]
Function
Currently the function of RAMPs is divided into classes activities. When associated with the Calcitonin receptor (CTR) or Calcitonin receptor-like (CALCRL) (below) RAMPs can change the selectivity of the receptor for a specific hormone. In the cases of the other receptors mentioned however, there is no evidence that they can do this, but instead function to regulate trafficking of receptors from the ER / golgi to the membrane. These functions appear to be ones where there is redundancy as neither RAMP1 nor RAMP3 knockout mice (KO) have grossly abnormal phenotypes. The likelihood is that the phenotype of RAMP2 KO mice is more connected with the abolition of most adrenomedullin (AM) signalling than effects on trafficking of other receptors as those mice are almost identical to AM KO mice.
Types
Association of RAMPs with either the CT or CALCRL proteins form 6 different receptors from the calcitonin receptor family:[3][4][5]
References
- ^ Sexton PM, Morfis M, Tilakaratne N, Hay DL, Udawela M, Christopoulos G, Christopoulos A (2006). "Complexing receptor pharmacology: modulation of family B G protein-coupled receptor function by RAMPs". Ann N Y Acad Sci 1070: 90–104. doi:10.1196/annals.1317.076. PMID 16888151.
- ^ Young A (2005). "Amylin: Physiology and Pharmacology; Chapter 3: Receptor pharmacology". Advances in Pharmacology. Advances in Pharmacology 52: 47–65. doi:10.1016/S1054-3589(05)52003-9. ISBN 978-0-12-032954-0. PMID 16492540.
- ^ *"Calcitonin Receptors: Introduction". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/IntroductionDisplayForward?chapterID=1358.
- ^ McLatchie LM, Fraser NJ, Main MJ, Wise A, Brown J, Thompson N, Solari R, Lee MG, Foord SM (May 1998). "RAMPs regulate the transport and ligand specificity of the calcitonin-receptor-like receptor". Nature 393 (6683): 333–9. doi:10.1038/30666. PMID 9620797.
- ^ Foord SM, Marshall FH (May 1999). "RAMPs: accessory proteins for seven transmembrane domain receptors". Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 20 (5): 184–7. doi:10.1016/S0165-6147(99)01347-4. PMID 10354609.
- ^ Kamitani S, Asakawa M, Shimekake Y, Kuwasako K, Nakahara K, Sakata T (April 1999). "The RAMP2/CRLR complex is a functional adrenomedullin receptor in human endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells". FEBS Lett. 448 (1): 111–4. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00358-0. PMID 10217420.
External links
|
|
|
| G protein-coupled receptor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other neuropeptide receptors
|
|
|
|
| Type I cytokine receptor |
|
|
| Enzyme-linked receptor |
|
|
| Other |
|
|
|
B trdu: iter (nrpl/grfl/cytl/horl), csrc (lgic, enzr, gprc, igsr, intg, nrpr/grfr/cytr), itra (adap, gbpr, mapk), calc, lipd; path (hedp, wntp, tgfp+mapp, notp, jakp, fsap, hipp, tlrp)
|
|